HIVES

Hives, also known as urticaria, are raised welts on the skin that can vary in size from tiny spots to large patches covering significant areas. These can merge to form even larger welts. Typically, an individual hive disappears within 24 hours, and acute episodes of hives usually last less than six weeks, though some individuals may experience chronic hives.

WHO GETS HIVES?

Hives can affect anyone but are commonly triggered by allergic reactions. Individuals allergic to pollen, mold, foods, insects, fragrances, dyes, medications, and other substances are more likely to develop hives. Approximately 20 percent of people experience hives at some point in their lives.

Infections such as colds and certain illnesses like lupus and thyroid disease can also trigger hives. Other potential triggers include exposure to heat, cold, sunlight, exercise, stress, alcohol, chemicals, excessive scratching, or pressure on the skin.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF HIVES?

Hives appear as pink or red patches on the skin, often slightly raised above the surrounding area and are typically accompanied by intense itching and a sensation of warmth. Sometimes, the affected areas may swell. When hives are associated with deeper swelling of the eyelids and mouth, a condition known as angioedema, it can be more serious. Difficulty breathing or swallowing during a hives outbreak requires immediate medical attention.

HOW CAN HIVES BE TREATED?

Diagnosis may involve allergy testing or blood tests to exclude underlying illnesses or infections, and occasionally a skin biopsy. The primary treatment for hives involves antihistamines, which can be over-the-counter or prescription-based.

Other treatments may include medications to reduce inflammation and cortisone for short-term relief. In severe cases, especially those involving angioedema, epinephrine injections may be necessary.

At home, mild to moderate hives can be managed by applying cool, wet compresses to the affected areas. For those with known triggers, avoiding these allergens is crucial to prevent outbreaks.