POISON IVY

Poison ivy dermatitis is an allergic reaction to touching poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac. Contact with the sap of these plants, or with objects that have come into contact with the sap, causes an allergic skin reaction known as contact dermatitis. The sap contains urushiol, an oil that triggers the reaction and can remain under fingernails for days unless washed off thoroughly with soap and water.

WHO GETS POISON IVY?

Anyone can encounter poison ivy, oak, or sumac, especially in wooded areas where these plants are prevalent. Outdoor enthusiasts such as hikers, campers, and outdoor workers are at a higher risk of coming into contact with these plants. The plants can also be indirectly contacted through aerosolized particles when the plants are burned or mowed.

Reports indicate that poison ivy plants have grown larger and contain more urushiol oil than in the past, increasing the likelihood of severe reactions. The best precaution is to recognize these plants and wear protective clothing such as long pants and sleeves when in areas where they might grow.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF POISON IVY?

Symptoms of poison ivy include itching, burning sensations, redness, swelling, and sometimes blisters or hives. These symptoms can affect not just the skin but also the eyes and mouth areas and usually develop within 8 to 48 hours of contact.

While the rash itself is not contagious and cannot be spread from person to person, urushiol oil can remain on objects like garden gloves or clothing for several days and can still cause reactions if not cleaned off. Typically, the rash lasts between one to three weeks.

HOW CAN POISON IVY BE TREATED?

Immediate washing of the affected area with soap and cold water is crucial and can reduce the severity of the reaction if done within an hour of exposure. It's important to use cold water as hot water can open pores, allowing more oil to enter the skin. Eyes should also be flushed with water if exposed. Contaminated clothing and objects should be thoroughly washed.

Over-the-counter antihistamines can alleviate some symptoms, while topical steroids, anti-itch creams, or calamine lotion can help relieve itching and burning. Most cases of poison ivy rash resolve on their own within a few weeks. However, severe reactions, difficulty breathing, or cases where the plant's toxins might have been ingested or inhaled require immediate medical attention. Severe cases might be treated with oral or intramuscular steroids.